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Oscar Plaisant 2024-04-02 05:52:52 +02:00
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---
excalidraw-plugin: parsed
tags: [excalidraw]
---
==⚠ Switch to EXCALIDRAW VIEW in the MORE OPTIONS menu of this document. ⚠==
# Text Elements
paradigme ^x7URNAhA
méthode
design pattern ^M1qqMGti
compilateur interpréteur ^b7v9Ic4e
ajout de sens
réflexion ^JE1mKNAG
Connaissance ^TMynMtoC
Problème ^Uqx8ATZV
Idée de solution
Modèle conceptuel ^PlBRhpH3
Programme ^Tfq5ARUy
Résultat
(Valeurs, Données) ^NTfeTIYQ
interprétation ^1jBbjPjN
résolution ^u17IsHww
design ^iAQ3mL7x
exéctuion ^urwgwdTl
%%
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2
Remplissage du plan de L3.md
View File

@ -304,6 +304,8 @@ Notamment :
- En particulier, les systèmes universels (Turing-complets) : il existe toujours des problèmes indécidables dans de tels modèles (problème de l'arrêt)
- voir [[Remplissage du plan de L3#compromis expressivité vs analysabilité]]
Connaître un langage de programmation ne permet pas de savoir immédiatement comment résoudre tous les problèmes que l'on risque de rencontrer. Par exemple, la syntaxe des langages dérivés de LISP est très simple, et peut être apprise en peu de temps. Cependant, connaître la syntaxe complète et le fonctionnement d'un langage ne permettra pas de résoudre tous les problèmes : il est égalemetn nécessaire d'être capable de "faire le lien" entre un problème et son expression dans un langage de programmation. C'est ce lien que les paradigmes de programmation permettent de faire. Plus précisément, les paradigmes permettent de faire le lien entre un problème et une solution théorique, un modèle conceptuel qui permet ensuite d'implémenter une solution. Ce modèle conceptuel peut être transformé en solution par des méthodes, comme des design patterns, qui explicitent quelles solutions le développeur doit adopter. Au contraire, les paradigmes explicitent plutôt quelle vision le développeur doit avoir, et quels concepts il peut utiliser pour construire son modèle du problème.
De la même manière, connaître un langage de programmation ne permet pas de savoir immédiatement résoudre tous les problèmes que l'on peut rencontrer. Par exemple, la syntaxe des langages similaires à LISP est très simple et peut être apprise en quelques heures pour certains dialectes. Cependant, connaître la syntaxe complête et le fonctionnement de LISP ne permettra pas de résoudre tout problème : il est également nécessaire d'être capable de "faire le lien" entre un problème et un langage. C'est ce lien que les paradigmes de programmation permettent de faire, soit en donnant explicitement une méthode pour le faire (comme la [[paradigme programmation structurée|programmation structurée]]), soit en définissant comment le programmeur doit voir les programmes, soit en implémentant certaines fonctionnalités utiles pour gérer certains problèmes.
# !!!! contre la distinction entre les paradigmes !!!!